Embedded Systems and  Data Analytics Introdution to Embedded Systems and  Se c urity 5.     Embedded Systems Embedded systems are computer systems integrated into other devices or products to perform specific functions. They usually have limited resources compared to standalone systems and are designed to run real-time operations Microcontrollers are small, low-power computing devices with built-in memory and peripheral interfaces. They are the core of many embedded systems and control the device's functions. Sensors are devices that detect changes in physical conditions and convert them into electrical signals. Examples include temperature sensors, light sensors, and accelerometers. Actuators are devices that perform physical actions based on electronic signals. Examples include motors, solenoids, and relays. Together, microcontrollers, sensors, and actuators form the building blocks of embedded systems, allowing them to collect data from the environment, process it, and con